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Sleep

Why Veterans Can't Sleep — and What Actually Helps

Medically reviewed · Updated 2026

Sleep problems are among the most common complaints after military service — and among the most treatable, once you understand what's actually happening. This is not a willpower problem. It's a nervous system that was trained for vigilance and never got the stand-down order.

Why service breaks sleep

  • Trained hypervigilance. Deployment conditions the brain to treat sleep as vulnerability. That conditioning doesn't discharge with you.
  • PTSD-related nightmares keep sleep shallow — and teach the brain to dread going to bed at all.
  • Chronic pain fragments sleep, and fragmented sleep amplifies pain the next day. The loop feeds itself.
  • Years of shift work and irregular ops leave circadian rhythms without an anchor.

What actually works

CBT-I — the first-line treatment

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is the gold standard — more durable than sleep medication, and it's what treatment guidelines recommend first. It retrains the bed-sleep association, corrects the schedule, and dismantles the anxious math ("if I fall asleep now I'll get five hours...") that keeps you staring at the ceiling.

Treating the nightmares directly

Trauma-related nightmares have their own treatments — Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (rescripting the nightmare while awake) and the medication prazosin are both used for post-trauma nightmares. If nightmares are the engine of the problem, treating "insomnia" alone misses the target.

Down-shifting before bed

Paced breathing — particularly 4-7-8 with its long exhale — gives the nervous system a physiological signal that it's safe to stand down. It's not a cure, but it's a lever you control tonight.

Worth knowing Sleep is upstream of nearly everything else — mood, pain, concentration, irritability. Treating sleep is frequently the highest-leverage first move in a veteran's mental health care, and "I can't sleep" is a fully legitimate reason to book a VA mental health appointment on its own.

Start with the sleep pathway

Service & Recover includes a dedicated sleep pathway alongside PTSD, depression, and chronic pain — plus built-in paced breathing for tonight and appointment prep for raising it with your provider. Free, private, no account.

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Free companion app

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Educational companion, not therapy or medical advice. This does not replace professional care and is not a crisis service. In immediate danger, call 911. Veterans Crisis Line: call 988 then press 1, or text 838255.